Overview

3000 m² of pavement, sidewalks, green space, and parking space along the residential Griffersveld street in the De Maten district will be redesigned and reconstructed in a circular way.

Implementation

• Materials will be scanned prior to demolition to identify quantity and quality, with information stored in a material databank
• Opportunities will be identified for reusing and/or transforming the materials for use within construction site or elsewhere in the city
• Materials to be stored in a new material depot and also marketed in an online construction materials marketplace
• Citizens will be informed and involved in the project through the use of the Openstad online platform

Relevant tools

• Lifecycle CO₂ calculators for soil, concrete and mixed CDW
• CDW Materials passport, databank and marketplace
• Co-design process for public space

Overview

Bokashi is a process in which (in this case) leaves from the districts of Apeldoorn are collected, processed and returned to municipal green spaces, as a soil improver Bokashi is a soil improver, high in nutrients, which has a positive effect on soil quality, moisture management, carbon storage and plant growth. 

Implementation

• After the collection of leaves, regenerative microorganisms and stone granules are added
• The leaf mixture is then placed in a pile, compressed to remove air and covered with agricultural plastic for at least 6 weeks of anaerobic treatment 

Relevant tools

• Bio-waste valorisation decision support tool
• Business case development tool 

Overview

Where the Bokashi process is most suited for leaves, biochar can be made from prunings, grass and plants such as Japanese knotweed. Biochar can be an alternative raw material for products in the agricultural, wastewater, health and cosmetics industries. In this demonstration the focus is on the use of biochar produced from bio-waste as a soil improver

Implementation

• Biochar is a promising product for improving the quality of the soil and for storing CO₂ within the biochar
• The pyrolysis process used to produce biochar will destroy the seeds present in the biowaste and therefore prevent unwanted seed dispersal
• Biochar produced from different bio-waste streams has been investigated and will now be tested in different locations around Apeldoorn

Relevant tools

• Bio-waste valorisation decision support tool
• Business case development tool 

Overview

The bio-waste from public spaces in Apeldoorn will be used in the production of fibre-based products e.g. paper, board or products produced from paper and board. In this demonstration, the municipality of Apeldoorn will work together with interested entrepreneurs to create small-scale production. Apeldoorn will also serve as a launching customer. 

Implementation

• Paper products containing bio-waste will be produced at the Middelste Molen (a paper museum and oldest paper Mill in the Netherlands) located in Apeldoorn, or on a larger scale in a paper mill
• Board materials will be produced using bio-based binders provided that the quality of the bio-waste is sufficient

Relevant tools

• Bio-waste valorisation decision support tool
• Business case development tool 

Overview

3D-printed objects and injection moulded products can be made from composite material consisting of fibres and a matrix material e.g. bioplastics. Bio-waste will be used as filler or fibre in composite materials. Fibres from virgin wood and fibre crops (hemp/miscanthus) are currently used in these composite materials. The replacement of fibres from virgin wood and fibre crops by fibres from biowaste results in a reduction in CO₂ emissions, water and land use. 

Implementation

• Combining bio-waste fibres with a PLA matrix would result in an industrial compostable product
• The municipality of Apeldoorn will work together with interested entrepreneurs to produce final products 
• The municipality itself will produce ornamental objects and street furniture

Relevant tools

• Bio-waste valorisation decision support tool
• Business case development tool 

Overview

The use of bio-waste as raw material for agricultural and industrial processes is depending on the cleanliness of the collected material. Most bio-waste sources are polluted - mowed roadside grass can contain 40wt% of non-biological impurities. This demonstration will involve citizens directly in grass cleaning actions in public spaces.

Implementation

• Aim is to both increase the value of the cleaned grass as a bio-waste source and create enthusiasm for the circular economy within the local community.

Relevant tools

• Bio-waste valorisation decision support tool
• Business case development tool